Internet +" Promote Manufacturing Transformation and Upgrade

With the rapid development of the Internet, it gradually involved all aspects of the manufacturing industry and the entire product production cycle. With the help of the Internet platform, the degree and scope of interactions between manufacturing companies, markets, and users has greatly expanded. New modes of integration of the Internet and manufacturing industries and new forms of business are emerging. They are reshaping industrial organizations and manufacturing models and reconstructing the relationship between enterprises and users. "Internet + manufacturing" has triggered a new mode of allocation of manufacturing resources, driving the transformation of manufacturing production and business model, and promoting the transformation and upgrading of manufacturing industries, bringing new opportunities for the transformation and development of China's manufacturing industry.

"Internet +" Triggers New Configuration of Manufacturing Resources

Widespread use of the Internet in the manufacturing sector has triggered changes in the way resources are allocated, and has unlocked the potential for innovation in the company's vast resources.

Widespread use of the Internet in the manufacturing industry, through large-scale collaborative production, triggers changes in the allocation of resources and releases the potential for innovation within and outside of the company's vast resources, allowing traditional, centralized business activities to be gradually replaced by decentralized operations. “Social production” will Explosive development.

(a) The customer becomes the center

Under the impetus of the explosive development of the Internet, especially the mobile Internet, consumers are driven from passive consumption to leading consumption. This has led to the shifting of the ownership of the corporate value chain from producers and circulation companies to consumers and widespread and real-time participation in production. The whole process of value creation. Through the open network platform, a large number of dispersed producers and consumers have achieved wide-ranging, real-time, and frequent interactions, fully stimulating the potential for social innovation and effectively satisfying consumers' individual needs. Therefore, manufacturing companies must adjust their strategies as soon as possible, take the initiative to change production and organization methods, and use new technologies such as social marketing and big data to achieve precise interaction with users, promote customization, flexible production, and rapid response to effectively reduce inventory and achieve professionalism. The long-tailed effect of segmentation and segmentation meets the diverse needs of consumers. For example, Haier's “full-flow parallel interactive innovation ecosystem” uses the Haier official website, WeChat, Weibo and other network tools to establish an open innovation platform, extracting common needs from numerous individual needs; on the other hand, it adopts HOPE. The platform interacts with global R&D institutions and individuals to form a highly efficient interface between user needs and world-class innovation resources. The products thus designed are then produced and sold in the form of Internet subscriptions.

(II) Socialization of Talents

Ordinary people’s subtle creativity may also trigger a butterfly effect, and constantly generate a large number of smart connected products, and even affect the direction of industrial development. Any person can rely on the Internet, rely on the public power, crowdsourcing, crowdfunding, public wisdom and other forms of creativity Realize the value proposition of "small people" creativity. With the help of the Internet, manufacturing companies have released R&D creative needs through self-construction or the use of existing “crowdsourcing” platforms, widely gathering ideas and wisdom from customers and outsiders, and greatly expanding the sources of creativity. Companies such as Xiaomi, Midea, and Haier have built different types of Internet crowdsourcing platforms to connect with user needs and global R&D resources and solicit product ideas and technical solutions.

(III) The Internet has become an important channel for financial allocation

Financial Services The basic function of the real economy is to finance capital. Commercial banks and the stock and bond markets are the traditional main distribution channels. However, there are issues such as large transaction costs and low efficiency. The application of the Internet can integrate data information of business operations to enable financial institutions to understand the production and operation of borrowing companies at a low cost and quickly, effectively reduce the degree of information asymmetry between borrowers and borrowers, quickly identify risks and improve loan efficiency; after lending, finance Institutions can continuously monitor the flow of funds, commodities, and information of borrowing companies, effectively reducing loan risks and operating costs. At the same time, the emerging Internet finance is relying on Internet tools such as payments, cloud computing, social networking, search engines, and APP to provide emerging financial services such as financial communications, payments, and information intermediaries at the level of security, mobile, and other network technologies. Traditional financial services are characterized by greater transparency, higher participation, better collaboration, lower intermediate costs, and more convenient operations. Businesses include: online banking, third-party payment, online lending (P2P), creditor's rights, and equity Crowdfunding, online sales of financial assets and purchases, etc., are increasingly deepening the core of traditional financial services in terms of matching capital and capital supply and demand. In 2014, there were 1,228 new P2P platforms, and the P2P loan balance at the end of the year exceeded RMB 100 billion. Faced with more and more challengers, the transformation of traditional banks embracing the Internet is also accelerating. For example, ICBC has comprehensively laid out Internet finance from the five major fields of payment, financing, transaction, information, and e-commerce. In addition, as Qianhai Shenzhen Qianhai Weizhong Bank, a major shareholder of Tencent, opened in December 2014, Zhejiang Alibaba Bank, Alibaba’s majority shareholder, was approved, relying mainly on the Internet, positioning its customers as small and micro enterprises and individuals. The "Internet + Finance" integration has entered a new phase and is expected to drive the entire banking industry to change.

(4) Clouding manufacturing resources

The cloudization of manufacturing resources is the integration of existing concepts and technologies such as networked manufacturing, ASP platform, the Internet of Things, and manufacturing grid. Virtualization and service of various manufacturing resources and manufacturing capabilities form a pool of cloud manufacturing resources for unified development. , centralized intelligent operation and management, through the network and cloud manufacturing service platform to provide users with standard specifications, sharable, ready to access, on-demand use, safe, reliable, high-quality and low-cost manufacturing manufacturing life cycle services. The hierarchical framework of the cloud manufacturing service system mainly includes a physical resource layer, a virtual resource layer, a service layer, a core functional layer, and a cloud platform user layer. The service layer is used to encapsulate a virtualized resource into a service and publish it to a cloud platform. The formation of a cloud manufacturing resource pool enables manufacturers to use various manufacturing services as easily as water, electricity, and gas. The "Quanzhou Cloud Manufacturing Platform" built in Quanzhou incorporates digital and networked manufacturing technologies, as well as technologies such as cloud computing, the Internet of Things, and information services, virtualizing and providing services for various types of manufacturing resources and manufacturing capabilities, and capital flows. , Information flow, logistics, and service flow are integrated into manufacturing resources and manufacturing capacity pools to serve related manufacturing companies.

With the further development of "Internet + manufacturing", the Internet is changing the innovation mode, production mode, sales mode, profit model and organizational system of the manufacturing industry.

(1) Rapid development of collaborative innovation

The Internet can integrate all the advantages of resources and form a cross-domain and networked collaborative innovation platform to achieve key core technologies. Some companies have used the Internet to establish an innovation network and provided other partners with opportunities for mutual learning, information sharing, and collaborative innovation. Through the sharing, integration, utilization, and re-creation of information, knowledge, and innovation resources, they can meet the interests of all parties. The purpose of knowledge appreciation and value creation, thereby improving the quality and effectiveness of collaborative innovation in production, learning, and research. Such as Haier Tianyi air-conditioning is the successful application of this model, in the early stage of R & D design, that is, in the Internet platform with full interaction with 670,000 consumers, to master the actual requirements of consumers of air-conditioning, and then rapidly with a number of research and development institutions Cooperative research and development is carried out, and products are recognized by consumers as soon as they are launched.

(B) Intelligent Manufacturing Becomes New Production Mode

The Industrial Internet uses sensors and networks connected to its products to connect machines. At the machine and equipment level, software analysis techniques are used to improve the intelligence of machines and the performance of equipment; at the workshop level, machines and equipment can communicate and collaborate with each other to improve the coordination of production lines. Level, according to the dynamic production conditions of the factory to achieve organizational optimization of different processes and processes, improve output, reduce energy consumption; at the factory level, according to the supply chain and market demand, for specific production tasks, to achieve multiple workshops, multiple production lines The overall optimization and scheduling of production resources; at the human and machine level, all manufacturing systems and equipment are interconnected with people, and the interaction between humans and intelligent manufacturing systems is realized around how to improve human efficiency and serve people better. Promote the development of manufacturing, digitalization, networking and intelligence, enhance the high-end link of the value chain, and promote the transformation of traditional manufacturing enterprises. Such as Haier's Shenyang Internet Factory, through the establishment of automated, intelligent production lines, build information-based, digital information systems, took the lead in building an intelligent manufacturing system that seamlessly connects enterprise-to-user demand data, and intelligent production based on real-time data sharing. You can get a refrigerator off every 10 seconds.

(C) to achieve personalized customization

In the traditional industrial era, manufacturing companies mass-produce goods according to their own expectations, and then sell them to consumers. Consumers seem to have many varieties and models of products at the time of purchase, but the products they buy are not necessarily The most suitable for him, and because it is difficult to predict changes in consumer demand, it is easy to cause excess supply of products. The Internet has reduced the cost of manufacturing companies and users to interact. Manufacturing companies can quickly respond to specific needs of users. Scale effect is no longer a key factor in industrial production. Industrial production has shifted from centralized control to decentralized control. Manufacturing companies combine computational intelligence and flexible manufacturing, fine-cutting and recombination of production control modules through information control, and new manufacturing processes that can target large-scale, customized production, and reduce or eliminate inventory for individual consumer needs.

(D) Internet Marketing Becomes Mainstream

With the advancement of the mobile Internet and the rapid spread of mobile terminals, e-commerce has rapidly expanded from the consumer field to the manufacturing industry. From the simple offline promotion model in the past, we began to shift to the O2O omni-channel marketing model. Internet services such as industrial APP, e-commerce platform, O2O, mobile social marketing, and search parity have gradually infiltrated into procurement, manufacturing, and logistics. , marketing, delivery, service and other links.

The rise of e-commerce platform enhances the openness and transparency of the market, and brings new vitality to the marketing services of manufacturing companies. In recent years, China's B2B e-commerce has maintained a steady and rapid growth. In 2014, the scale of B2B e-commerce business revenue reached 19.22 billion yuan, an increase of 28.34%, and the transaction scale reached 9.4 trillion yuan, an increase of 15.37%. At the same time, some traditional manufacturing companies have made the sales channels internet-based and have achieved “F2C” from the factory. By establishing an e-commerce platform by itself, companies can not only reduce channel links, lower sales costs, but also establish direct relationships with customers to understand the specific characteristics of customers, and can further segment customer groups to accurately develop differentiated and personalized products. Such as Haier's "Haier Mall" to provide consumers with new products first, product customization and other differentiated services, and the first in the home appliance channel service industry to send, install synchronization services. In addition, with the rapid development of cross-border e-commerce, the role of the Internet in exporting enterprises has become more and more obvious. For example, the net revenue of apparel category in the first three quarters of 2014 of the foreign trade B2C website Lanting Bazaar reached US$37 million, a year-on-year growth rate. At 103.9%, the number of orders and customers increased by more than 50% year-on-year.

(E) The organization system has been optimized

With the development and deep application of the Internet, the emergence of e-commerce, the further integration of international and domestic markets, the market is more subdivided, the individual needs and service requirements are higher, so that the scope of competition of manufacturing companies expands, products and services must be more focused, and strategy Changes have taken place, and the organizational system has shown a trend of decentralization and transformation. Collaborative manufacturing has become an important method of production organization. With the help of the Internet, various departments and individuals of manufacturing companies have become the nodes of information communication. Through the use of E-mail, OA systems, WeChat and other modern network technologies and tools for communication, the work efficiency has been improved.

The strategic focus of manufacturing companies is to strengthen their core competitiveness, and to abandon their non-core businesses to take advantage of a variety of forms of cooperation. Crowdsourcing R&D, collaborative innovation, personal manufacturing, and other network-based distributed, flexible production methods are transforming. In the main direction, only network companies or virtual companies that have no headquarters or headquarters have begun to appear. For example, Xiaomi's headquarters only has R&D designers. Its production, logistics, and sales are all outsourced to partner companies, and they use the Internet to conduct business with partners. contact. Through the Internet to achieve integration and innovation, the internal and external organizations of manufacturing companies are moving from boundedness to unboundedness, from tangible to intangible, and from vertical to flat. The replacement of entrepreneurs by users becomes the ultimate power for decision-making to win.

"Internet +" Promotes Innovation in Manufacturing

Through the integration of manufacturing and the Internet, innovation and transformation are underway, and traditional manufacturing is gradually being transformed into modern manufacturing.

Through the integration of manufacturing and advanced computing, analytical tools, low-cost sensing and higher levels of networking, innovation and innovation are underway. The technological content of products and equipment continues to increase. The trend towards green manufacturing and manufacturing services is increasingly evident, and profitability has been achieved. Ascension, traditional manufacturing is gradually being transformed into modern manufacturing.

(I) Improve the technical content of products and equipment

Information technology, especially the high permeability, high mobility, high multiplicity and high innovativeness of the Internet, determine that the Internet application process itself is a process of integration with traditional manufacturing products and equipment, generating new scientific and technological achievements and forming new productivity. For example, sensor technology, computer technology, and software technology are "embedded" in products and equipment to achieve the performance and "smartness" of products and equipment. Relying on big data and internet technologies, manufacturing products have undergone three changes: from mechanical products to smart products, from smart products to smart connected products, and from offering products to providing product-based services. These three transitions enable information to be communicated between products, operating systems, manufacturers, and users, as well as making product intelligence and interconnection possible. Smart cars, for example, add advanced sensors (radar, camera), controllers, actuators and other devices on the basis of ordinary cars, and realize intelligent information exchange with people, vehicles, and roads through onboard sensors and information terminals. , Make vehicles with intelligent environmental awareness, can automatically analyze the safety and danger of driving the vehicle, and make the vehicle reach the destination according to the wishes of people, and ultimately achieve the purpose of replacing people to operate, can reduce the road by 50% to 80% Traffic safety accident. In addition, manufacturing companies can collect, analyze, and share large amounts of data generated at various points inside and outside the product while rapidly developing smart connected products. For instance, Shaanxi Blower, Shenyang Blower, which is a supplier of large blowers, have installed sensors and on-line monitoring devices on their products. They can monitor the running status of equipment online and provide remote services through the Internet.

(B) to achieve green manufacturing

The impact of manufacturing on the environment is often beyond the space, resources, energy pressure, so that manufacturers must consider the product from the design, manufacturing, packaging, transportation, use to end-of-life processing, the negative impact on the environment is minimal, The highest utilization rate of resources is achieved, and the economic and social benefits of the company are coordinated and optimized, ie green manufacturing is achieved.

By giving full play to the agglomeration of resources such as the massive industrial data of the Internet, we can improve the operational efficiency, intelligent decision-making and clean manufacturing levels of manufacturing enterprise equipment and products. The first is to help green manufacturing databases and knowledge bases and green design. , green material selection, green process planning and recycling process design provide data support and knowledge support; second, it helps to form green manufacturing integrated system, including: product and process design and material selection system integration, user requirements and product use Integrated information integration in green manufacturing systems, process integration in green manufacturing, etc.; third is to help artificial intelligence technologies based on knowledge systems, fuzzy systems, and neural networks play an important role in green manufacturing, such as application of experts in the manufacturing process The system identifies and quantifies the relationship between product design, material consumption and waste generation to compare the impact of product design and manufacturing on the environment. In addition, companies implementing green manufacturing require a large number of implementation tools and software products, such as computer green product design system, green process planning system, green creation decision system, product production cycle evaluation system, ISO14000 international certification support system, etc., which will promote the emerging green The rapid development of the software industry.

(C) The trend of service manufacturing industry is becoming increasingly obvious

With the in-depth application of the Internet and customers becoming the center, more and more manufacturing companies no longer only pay attention to the production of physical products, but involve the entire life cycle of physical products, including market research, product development or improvement, manufacturing, Sales, after-sales service, product scrap or recycling. The role of service in the manufacturing value chain is growing. Many traditional manufacturing companies even focus on strategic management, research and development, marketing, and other activities, giving up or outsourcing manufacturing activities. Manufacturing companies are transforming themselves into service companies in a sense. Serving output has become one of the development trends in the manufacturing industry in the world today. The company's revenue sources have also shifted from selling products to “selling products and providing services” to obtain continuous income. There are three main approaches to the development of service manufacturing.

First, the use of the Internet to carry out remote operation and maintenance, remote monitoring and other services, such as Sany has increased communication capabilities on the device, there are currently more than 100,000 devices through the network and SANY enterprise control center and rapid response team connection, use 3G network, video remote fault diagnosis and other information service systems, remote monitoring equipment operation, and based on industrial big data to achieve early warning, targeted maintenance and other services, to achieve a "service-oriented manufacturing," not only improve product additions Value, but also to achieve the transition from manufacturing products to provide engineering contracting and remote maintenance services.

Second, in the process of promoting the use of the Internet, a series of professional service companies such as information services, system integration, and operation and maintenance services have been derived. For example, Yuanjing Energy is a wind turbine manufacturing company. It is an entry point for smart wind turbines and is transformed into an energy internet company. It manages more than 10 million kilowatts of global new energy assets, including North America, Europe, and China, and becomes a smart energy asset management service company.

The third is to produce a variety of platform-type service agencies, specifically for manufacturing companies to provide R & D and design, manufacturing, management, marketing and other services. Such as Jiangsu Internet of Things Technology and Application Collaborative Innovation Center set up smart agriculture, smart transportation logistics, smart energy saving and environmental protection, smart mining, smart health, smart home security, Internet of Things common technology, standardization of the Internet of things, Internet of Things information security, Internet of things industry demonstration And many centers, such as promotion and IoT military applications, provide IoT platform services for related manufacturing companies.

(D) Improve manufacturing profitability

As global economic integration is deepening and technology transfer is rapidly increasing, the benefits brought by the Internet will benefit the world. The data analysis capabilities of the Industrial Internet, for example, can help rail transport to better address speed, reliability, and transportation challenges. Daqin Railway Company has used industrial Internet technology to achieve optimized operations, achieved simultaneous control in multiple machine shops, shortened the braking distance by 30% and brake time by 22%, making the operation more secure. With the Industrial Internet, airlines can gather real-time information on the operation of engines, provide early warning of any failures that occur, and help airlines operate and maintain more efficiently. If Spring Airlines deployed GE intelligent engine monitoring diagnostic technology, it effectively prevented unplanned engine dismantling (UER) and grounded standby (AOG) in 2012, which was equivalent to saving more than US$ 210,000 in cost and effectively supported fleet maintenance. 95% usage rate. Sany Heavy Industries has realized service-oriented manufacturing through the Internet. The company's profits have been greatly improved. New profits in 3 years have exceeded 2 billion yuan, and the cost has been reduced by 60%.

(5) Bring new opportunities to the development of China's manufacturing industry

Deep integration of the Internet and manufacturing industries, a new round of scientific and technological revolutions and industrial changes, and the acceleration of the transformation of economic development methods form a historical intersection, with the core technologies of manufacturing digitalization, networking, and intelligence, information technology, biotechnology, and new material technologies. The extensive penetration of new energy technologies has led to the emergence of a collective technological revolution characterized by greenness, intelligence, and ubiquitousness in almost all areas. This has brought a rare opportunity for China's manufacturing industry to drive innovation, transformation, and development. The broader technological choices and the ever-changing science and technology have made the process of industrialization in our country greatly reduced in time. China is a big country on the Internet. In 2014, it had 650 million Internet users, which was twice that of the United States. 360 million online users exceeded the sum of the total population of the four countries of Germany and Germany. The integration of the Internet and the manufacturing industry has vast potential and huge potential. If we can fully utilize this advantage, we will greatly improve the competitive position of “Made in China” globally. Therefore, in the future period, China's manufacturing industry must not only maintain the world status of "machine-produced products", but also must seize the opportunities brought by the Internet + and comprehensively upgrade "Made in China" in terms of technology, standards, policies, and other aspects. Realize the full docking and deep integration of the Internet and "Made in China".