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First, the purpose
1. This guide is intended to promote the safe and effective use of the Automatic Identification System for Ships (AIS), in particular to inform the crew of the operation, limitations and prospects of AIS. Therefore, the AIS should be operated in conjunction with this guide.
2. AIS aims to improve the safety of life at sea; the safety and effectiveness of navigation; and the protection of the marine environment. Whether at a shore-based monitoring station or on board, AIS will improve the quality of the information available to the duty driver. AIS is bound to be a complement to the source of information for navigation systems (including radar), so it is an important tool to enhance users' understanding of traffic conditions.
Second, AIS description
1. Uninterrupted transmission of the ship's own data to other ships and VTS stations; uninterrupted acceptance of data from other ships and VIS and display of such data
2. When used in conjunction with the related image display system, a great convenience of the AIS is that the ship position information transmitted by the target ship is quickly and automatically calculated from the nearest point of occurrence (CPA) and the latest time of expected encounter (TCPA). Provide relevant information.
3. AIS works mainly on two dedicated VHF channels. If these channels cannot be used locally, AIS can automatically go to the designated alternate channel according to the instructions of the shore station.
4. If the land mass is not very high, AIS can detect the sharp bend of the river and the ship behind the island in the VHF/FM range. According to the height of the antenna, the sea expectation is typically 20 to 30 nautical miles. With the relay station, then the coverage of the ship VTS station The scope can be further improved.
5. Shipborne AIS can continuously and automatically transmit information without the intervention or attention of the driver on duty. The shore-based AIS can update the information by "polling" a particular ship, or "polling" a certain Designate all ships in the sea area.
3. The AIS information transmitted by the ship includes the following three different types: fixed or static information, that is, the information input after the AIS is installed, as long as the ship name is not changed and the modification of the major ship type is not required, the dynamic information is In addition to navigational information, information automatically updated from ship sensors connected to AIS; navigation-related information may need to be manually entered and updated during navigation.
Fourth, security-related short messages
1. Security-related short messages are fixed or free-form text messages that can be sent to a specific target (MMSI) in the area or to all ships in the area. Content must be related to navigational safety, such as the discovery of icebergs or buoys. Information should be as short as possible. The system allows up to 158 characters per message, but the shorter the information, the easier it is to find space transfers.
2. The operator can be required to confirm with text information.
3. Short messages related to security are only an additional means of maritime security information broadcasting. Although the importance of this short message cannot be underestimated, the use of this short message does not replace the requirements of the Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS).
4. The operator should ensure that it displays and studies the safety-related information received and issues safety-related information as required.
V. Manual input data on duty The driver must manually input the following data at the beginning of the ship's navigation and use the keyboard to input when changes occur: ship draught, dangerous goods, destination and expected arrival time, route plan (flight reference point) , correct navigation status, security-related short messages
Sixth, information verification
1. In order to ensure the correctness of the ship's own static information and to update it at any time, the duty driver should verify the relevant data when necessary. At least, every voyage or every month is checked once, and the interval is short. However, the authority of the master must be authorized to change the data.
2. The driver on duty must periodically check the following dynamic information: the position of the ship, the speed of the ground, the sensor information according to WGS84, and the role of AIS in the search and rescue operation.
1. AIS can be used in search and rescue operations, especially in helicopter and sea combined search and rescue. AIS can directly display the position of a ship in distress like radar or other ECS/ECDIS display modes, which is conducive to search and rescue ships to perform tasks.
1. When fixed and floating targets are selected for assistance with navigation, the AIS may provide the ship with: position; condition; tides, current data; weather and visibility conditions.
Eight, AIS in the integrated information system
AIS will play a role in supporting navigation planning and monitoring in the integrated international navigation information system. This will help the authorities monitor all ships in their waters and track dangerous goods.