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Water heat pump system to solve the residential heating and air conditioning needs
one. Background Nowadays, with the reform of housing market in our country and the rapid development of newly built commercial residential quarters, nearly 500 million square meters of residential completed each year in recent three years. With the increasing emphasis on urban environmental issues and the adjustment of energy structure, newly built residential communities in northern areas generally no longer operate coal-fired boiler room heating, and what kind of methods can economically and cleanly solve the heating problems in these newly built residential areas The big problem in construction. On the other hand, in recent years, China's residential air-conditioning installation rate increased rapidly. Shanghai residential air-conditioning ownership rate has exceeded 60%, Beijing also reached 34%. It is reported that China's urban residential average ownership rate has reached 20%, and the current home air-conditioning ownership rate is still rapidly growing, it is likely to become a refrigerator, color TV after the rapid popularity of another appliance. In this way, for the cities of the Yellow River and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, the residential environment is no longer merely a heating issue, but a unified consideration of heating and air conditioning needs. To this end, the use of deep well recharge water source heat pump approach may be to meet this demand for residential heating air conditioning. This article describes the fundamentals of this approach, solutions for deep wells, water systems and terminals, and analysis and comparison of investment and operating costs. two. The basic principle of this approach is the indirect use of groundwater in the winter as a medium, take underground deep sand, stone heat as a household heat pump heat to the indoor heat, while the building obtained cold discharge into the ground. In the summer, however, groundwater is used as a medium to serve as cooling water for household heat pumps, and the heat generated by buildings is discharged into the ground. This winter from the ground to take hot and cold storage, summer to take cold heat, if the building in winter and summer heat supply is about the same amount of heat within a year of basic heat balance, not remove or heat, will not cause underground heat pollution . Meanwhile, since winter groundwater temperature is much higher than outdoor air temperature, winter heat pump efficiency is higher than air-water heat pump, and there is no problem of condensation. The summer is 16 ~ 26 ℃ for the chiller cooling water, you can get a high COP, and even in some cases can be directly used as a cold source for air conditioning, without having to turn on the water source heat pump. Since groundwater is drained through the heat exchanger 3 and drained back to the ground, it uses only the cooling capacity (heat) of groundwater without consuming a drop of water, and the whole process of groundwater is not in contact with the air and therefore does not cause groundwater resources Pollution. Therefore, deep well recharge water source heat pump way is to save energy, protect the environment, save water, at the same time to meet the winter heating and summer air conditioning requirements. three. Technical Solutions for Each Part 1. Requirements for Deep Wells Due to the difficulty of withdrawing water into the underground, it is feasible to strike three wells, one for water and two for recharge. At the same time, regular exchange allows each well to take turns working both in withdrawal and recharge. This is equivalent to fixed? QuotWin well, "can make deep well long-term efficient and reliable work .To ensure the extraction of the long-term temperature of water temperature, the three wells to ensure a sufficient distance between the three wells arranged as shown in Figure 2 Length of 100m equilateral triangle, each well take / irrigation corresponding to the aquifer height of 20m, it can be considered underground 100 × 100 × 20m3 sandstone regenerator, when the temperature changes 4 ℃ can store calories Q = 4 ℃ × 100 × 100 × 20 × (r × Cp × 0.7 + r water × Cp water × 0.3) When r = 2500kg / m3 and Cp = 0.2 kcal / ℃ · kg, Q = 520 If the winter heating 3000 hours, the average heating load of 25 kcal / m2 · hr, then the need for heating in winter 75,000 kcal / m2, when the heat pump COP = 3, you need to remove the heat from the ground for the 57,000 kcal / m2,520 million kcal to meet the building area of ​​9000m2 heating requirements. Summer air conditioning 2000 hours, the average load of 25 kcal / m2 · hr, due to low cooling water temperature, taking COP = 4.5, Exhaust heat 60,000 kcal / m2, 520 million kcal to meet the construction area of ​​about 8500m2 air conditioners, and can meet the heating area is roughly the same. Ten thousand square meters of floor area service At an area of ​​about 9000 m2, the floor area ratio is 0.9, except for high-density residential areas, which basically meet the requirements of multi-storey residential areas in general towns and towns. At present, investment in deep and pump houses is about 1,000 yuan / m deep, When the well depth is 100 ~ 200m, the investment is 300,000 to 600,000, equivalent to 50 to 100 yuan / m2 building, which is basically close to the current fund-raising matching fee for district heating when it is connected, therefore, as long as the building volume ratio is less than 0.9, Not more than 150m, this method is technically and economically feasible.