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Due to the ultra-small scale of China's agricultural operation, it is impossible to purchase households, and there must be a relatively professional agricultural machinery service industry team, which has created the marketization of agricultural machinery operations (services). The market economy is a risk economy, and agricultural machinery management is no exception. The purpose of investing in agricultural machinery is to obtain operating profits and enable investors to have reasonable returns. This is the basis for the healthy development of agricultural machinery and service industries. Therefore, recognizing risks and effectively reducing risks is a topic that agricultural machinery operators must face.
Avoiding the marketization risk of agricultural machinery management needs to start from itself
[China Agricultural Machinery Industry News] Driven by the agricultural machinery purchase subsidy policy, China's agricultural machinery holdings have grown rapidly. In 2015, the total power of agricultural machinery in the country reached 1.1 billion kilowatts, the comprehensive mechanization level of farming and harvesting reached 63%, the number of agricultural machinery practitioners reached more than 55 million, the number of agricultural machinery was more than 50 million sets, and the annual operating income was about 570 billion yuan. The economic structure was initially formed, which formed a relatively independent agricultural machinery operation (service) group.
Avoiding the marketization risk of agricultural machinery management needs to start from itself
Under the influence of uncertain factors, the agricultural machinery investors could not recover the investment and obtain reasonable profits due to poor management, which made it difficult for the operation to fail. There are four main types of agricultural machinery operating risks: First, investment risks, that is, after investment, the investment cannot be preserved and value-added, loans for agricultural machinery operations cannot be recovered on time, and credit crises occur; second, operational risks refer to operating risks. risks of. It is related to the business mode and strategy of the operator, the quality and adaptability of the operator. For example, as the market demand changes, the business strategy is adjusted in a timely and correct manner, and the business mode is selected, the probability of success is high, and vice versa, the risk is high; the third is the risk of unsafeness, that is, the use of agricultural machinery due to improper use causes sudden accidents. The loss brought. This kind of loss (risk) will cause many years of operating results to be lost; the fourth is uncertainty risk, that is, the risk caused by future agricultural machinery operating environment prediction and decision-making mistakes. Under the conditions of market economy, the judgment of the social environment of the business, the grasp of the characteristics and trends of the industry, etc., if the correct judgment is made, this uncertainty will be resolved.
The author combines agricultural machinery management research, as well as some successful agricultural machinery business owners to follow the investigation and found that there are several ways to reduce the risk of agricultural machinery operation:
Scientific decision-making to avoid blindness. At present, the agricultural machinery business service market is expanding and the field is expanding. The agricultural machinery service market has two characteristics of national unity and regionality. Before the decision-making operation and operation, it is necessary to subdivide the demand market, find out those projects that cannot be satisfied by supply, and quickly enter, take the lead, and be the way to win; in the project of balance of supply and demand, it must have characteristics, Special wins; in the case of oversupply, it is necessary to highlight "excellent" and win with superiority. The inter-regional harvest of wheat and rice provides an example, and it is developing in depth in many fields such as corn harvesting, tillage, straw feed, agricultural product drying, and agricultural product flow processing, with unlimited business opportunities. It is also wise to seize the regional characteristics and win the battle. The diversity of agricultural machinery services, the unity of the national market and the characteristics of service areas provide a broad space for development for agricultural machinery operators. Analysis of the market, seizing opportunities, making scientific decisions, and investing in a timely manner, starting with projects with large demand and high efficiency, can reduce risks and increase the probability of successful business.
Do a good job of investigation and do a good job of risk assessment. Investigate existing agricultural operators, look at their business performance, evaluate the feasibility of investment, and pay attention to the truth. Investigating the mode of operation, seeing what kind of business strategy is more conducive to future operations; investigating different markets to determine the direction of operation; surveying regional agricultural machinery operations, such as the status of agricultural machinery in the region, different machinery In the case of operating income, etc., through the hand data obtained from these surveys, the necessary assessment of the investment, the decision whether to enter, and how to engage in agricultural machinery operations.
Flexible management and seize business opportunities. China's urbanization level has been continuously improved, the agricultural structure has been optimized and adjusted, and the country has issued 13 “No. 1 documentsâ€, and a series of agricultural policies such as agricultural machinery purchase subsidies have been introduced intensively, with the aim of stabilizing and developing agricultural production. Seize business opportunities, aim at the comparative advantage industries in the agricultural industry, provide unique agricultural machinery services, and create service brands, which can achieve a lot of business performance.
Establish a risk reserve system. First, the agricultural machinery operators must insure the operating property, machinery, equipment and employees, transfer some of the operational risks to the insurance company, and the insurance company pays for the damage. The second is to actively set up civil-based aircraft associations, safety mutual aid associations and other organizations to concentrate part of the financial resources and carry out risk mutual assistance, thereby effectively reducing operational risks. The third is to seize the opportunity of market opening and set up a national or regional policy agricultural insurance company and agricultural machinery insurance branch as soon as possible, giving the whole industry the power to provide quality and cheap insurance barriers for agricultural machinery operators. At present, Shaanxi Province, Hubei Province and Hunan Province have had successful experience. Through the establishment of the Agricultural Machinery Safety Association, this has launched the agricultural machinery safety risk mutual insurance business and achieved the province's overall planning. This practice has effectively improved the anti-risk ability of agricultural machinery operators and will greatly promote the healthy development of the agricultural machinery industry. Relevant departments should take the implementation of the "Agricultural Insurance Regulations" as an opportunity to strive for the state's policy support for agricultural machinery mutual assistance insurance, so that it becomes a weapon for agricultural machinery operators to fight against risks; agricultural machinery operators should actively participate and actively insulate to mitigate risks. Improve the level of management.
Scientific use to eliminate accidents. For agricultural machinery operators, accidents are catastrophic, and safety is a big benefit. It is necessary to do a good job in the inspection and inspection of agricultural machinery technology on a regular basis. At the same time, we will earnestly implement the "Safety Operation Procedures for Agricultural Machinery" and "Technical Standards for Safe Operation of Agricultural Machinery", timely maintain machinery and equipment, and educate operators to strictly abide by agricultural machinery laws, regulations, and regulations, and act according to the norms.