China has vast land and uneven distribution of rainfall, which leads to a lack of soil moisture in many places. In agricultural production, I can use soil moisture and drought management systems to manage soil moisture and drought conditions in the entire farmland. Soil moisture monitors can also be used. Monitoring the changes of soil moisture in farmland, and helping to save water for efficient irrigation. The seasonal precipitation in Inner Mongolia is unevenly distributed and there is a serious shortage of water resources. Therefore, the drought severely restricted the development of agriculture and animal husbandry in the autonomous region. Drought frequently occurs in a large number of agricultural and pastoral areas, has a long duration, and spreads widely. It is the focus of government decision-making departments at all levels. At present, there are many researches on drought in China, such as drought flow pattern, typhoon activity, subtropical high, ENSO, etc., which have in-depth research on the impacts of droughts and floods. However, in the application and actual assessment of meteorological operations, direct observation of the ground is mainly used. . Through years of manual monitoring data, the Inner Mongolia Meteorological Bureau has classified the soil relative humidity to a certain interval to assess the soil moisture status, and achieved prediction and forecast of regional soil moisture content and degree of drought occurrence. However, the current method uses the field water holding capacity as the upper limit of soil available water, and then uses the empirical value to determine the soil moisture content in certain intervals. The problem with this method is that the effective soil moisture is greatly influenced by the soil properties. Users are not based on local conditions. The specific conditions of soil properties, and the appropriate adjustment of the classification, it is difficult to reflect the difference in low soil moisture content in different regions. Therefore, the author proposes a more realistic soil moisture assessment method based on the field water holding capacity and withering water content at the observation station, making full use of the upper and lower limits of the available water, and avoiding the disadvantages of different grades and single grades for the purpose of soil quality. The evaluation of public opinion provided new ideas for the operation of meteorological systems, and at the same time provided references for soil moisture evaluation in other provinces and cities. In the past, soil moisture content was assessed by dividing the relative humidity of the soil by 100% downwards. Due to the lack of data on the effective lower limit of water, this assessment cannot reflect the difference in the relative humidity of the lower soil in different regions. The results of this study show that the method of public opinion assessment considering the lower limit of effective water is more intuitive than the previous model to reflect the actual situation of soil water. The author's partial improvement of the public opinion assessment makes it more closely related to crop water requirements. This is particularly important for the occurrence and development of drought because the occurrence of drought is not judged by the relative humidity of the soil, but more on the definition of soil moisture. Only the lower limit of soil available water can be used to more accurately assess the stage of drought development. This method soil moisture data mainly rely on automatic station transmission and acquisition, so the number of automatic stations and monitoring accuracy become the key to the application, which is also easily become a bottleneck in practical application.
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