Fiber lasers change the processing pattern of sheet metal

The laser market has become increasingly competitive. The continuous improvement of new technologies, new applications, and existing technologies is constantly changing the market landscape. Born in the 1960s, the 90-year-old fiber laser continues to expand its own ground with her congenital advantages, and is fully expanding into optical communication, high-power laser processing, laser medicine, and biotechnology, especially her laser processing. The potential for development in optical communications has given the industry a great breath. The new darling of this market may replace traditional lasers sometime in the future.
With the maturation of laser technology, the application of lasers in various fields has become increasingly popular. Especially in laser processing, optical communications, laser weapons and other fields. In the field of laser processing, due to its outstanding advantages such as energy concentration, ease of operation, high flexibility, high efficiency, high quality, energy saving and environmental protection, it has rapidly become widespread in the automotive, electronics, aerospace, machinery, metallurgy, railway, and shipping industries. Almost all areas of the national economy are included, and it is known as the "common processing method of manufacturing systems." In the field of optical communications, semiconductor lasers firmly hold the market and develop rapidly with the popularity of optical communications. With respect to laser weapons, the successful development of various types of laser weapons may completely change the future of battlefield operations. In particular, at all levels of air defense and anti-missile systems, active weapons systems may be eliminated.
However, with the deepening of the application, some limitations of traditional lasers, such as: bulky, discrete components, maintenance difficulties, short life and other shortcomings are increasingly apparent. As a result, fiber lasers took advantage of their inherent unique advantages.
In the field of metal processing, cutting is one of the important processes that are indispensable. After the birth of the first laser cutting machine in the 1970s, laser cutting was widely used in automobiles, locomotive and rolling stock manufacturing, metallurgy and other industrial fields because of its advantages of energy concentration, easy operation, high flexibility, high efficiency, and low cost. Recognized as one of the most effective means of replacing traditional processing, it enjoys the reputation of “the common processor of manufacturing systems”.
However, with the continuous deepening of practical applications, the disadvantages of large size, large number of discrete components, difficult maintenance, and short life span of traditional laser machines have become more and more obvious, which restricts the development of metal processing technology to some extent. In this context, fiber laser technology should be born.
With the market's recognition of fiber lasers, many machine tool manufacturers have also accelerated the development and production of fiber laser technology. Compared with ordinary CO2 laser cutting machines, fiber laser cutting machines have less space and gas consumption and higher photoelectric conversion rate. They are new energy-saving and environmentally friendly products and have huge market potential.
In terms of market share in material processing, metal processing is the most important application range for lasers. Sheet metal cutting requires a perfect combination of high output power and high beam quality, especially when cutting thick sections of metal; therefore, only a few lasers are suitable for metal cutting of thick sections. Because the quality of the laser beam is usually attenuated as the output power increases. The laser product that dominates sheet metal cutting is the CO2 laser because of its high power unit and high beam quality.
Fiber lasers have a distinct speed advantage when compared to CO2 lasers when cutting thin metals, and require less power than CO2 lasers. However, the advantage of fiber laser speed is not obvious when cutting thick metal. For larger workpiece thicknesses (greater than 4 mm), the fiber laser's cutting speed drops to a cutting speed equivalent to a CO2 laser. In essence, the speed at which fiber lasers cut large, thick workpieces is significantly reduced, primarily due to the absorption mechanism of fiber laser radiation. Absorption of metal laser radiation does not reach the highest value when the thickness of the fiber laser is small, and then decreases when the thickness becomes thicker. On the contrary, the radiation absorbency of the CO2 laser increases as the thickness of the processed metal part increases, and the thickness of the processed component reaches At the highest time, the absorption also reaches the highest value.
In the processing of 10mm stainless steel, CO2 lasers can achieve superior cutting edge quality compared to fiber lasers. The use of a high-brightness fiber laser to achieve effective melt ejection at a high speed cutting of a thick steel sheet is difficult, resulting in a reduction in the quality of the cutting edge.

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