Nickel blast furnace structure

According to its structural characteristics, the blast furnace can be divided into open type and closed type. According to the process requirements, there are furnaces and no furnaces and high front beds. People initially adopt open type, and then gradually replace them with closed type. Improve the environment and recover sulfur from the flue gas. Due to the blast pressure, the blast furnace is usually rectangular (pictured), and the small furnace can be oval or round. The width of the horizontal trough area of ​​the rectangular furnace tuyere (ie the area of ​​the hearth) is usually only 1 to 1.5 mm, and the length is related to the scale of production. The furnace side has a certain inclination angle, and the angle of the belly is generally 3°-8°, which is beneficial to the uniformity of the cloth and the uniform movement of the furnace gas from bottom to top, and also facilitates the treatment of the furnace knot, so the horizontal width of the feeding is wider than that of the lower tuyere area. . The water jacket of the furnace wall is divided into a full water jacket or a half water jacket (that is, the furnace abdomen is a water jacket and the upper bricklaying brick), and water cooling or vaporization cooling can be adopted. The width of the water jacket should be noted with the configuration of the tuyere. Depending on the size of the tuyere area and the spacing of the tuyere, the height of the water jacket can be made in one or two sections according to the height of the furnace. The total cross-sectional area of ​​all tuyères is generally 5% to 6% of the area of ​​the hearth. The number of tuyere should be such that the diameter of the tuyere is not too large, so that the operation and the distribution of the blast are uniform, and the diameter of the tuyere is usually ø (80-150) mm. The center distance is 230 to 280 mm, and the air outlet inclination is 0 to 10 degrees. The setting of the siphon or throat is determined by the scale of production and whether or not the hearth is set. The position is generally at the furnace end. The height of the hearth is mainly to clarify the separation of nickel bismuth and slag. The separation of nickel bismuth and slag is relatively large. The furnace is more advantageous in front of the furnace peripherals, which facilitates the connection of the upper and lower processes.

For blast furnace does not Kang cylinder, front bed is "big hearth" outside the furnace, were notably more ore containing magnesium oxide, high melting point slag, blast furnace slag is difficult to achieve a clear and overheating, before It is especially necessary to add heat to the bed. The front bed also plays an important role in the clear separation of low nickel bismuth and slag, the storage of the melt and the production of the buffer before and after the process. The front bed is similar to a small reverberatory furnace and is oval or rectangular in shape. The former has an effective volume utilization rate, no dead angle, and the clarification of the slag is more perfect, but the brickwork has a certain difficulty when the volume is too small, and the latter is easier to masonry, and the masonry method is similar to that of the melting furnace. The front bed is generally filled with one or two low nickel sputum discharge ports and slag discharge ports, which are respectively disposed on the same side and the same end surface of the furnace. The volume of the front bed depends on the production capacity of the furnace, the amount and composition of the smelting products. Generally, when the furnace charge is 100t per day and night, the front volume is required to be 3 to 6 mm 3 , and the heat balance can be increased to 8 to 9 mm 3 when permitted.

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