The five major archaeological discoveries in Henan Province in 2013 were announced (Photos)

Ming Dynasty white earth black pottery jar unearthed from shrine

Yesterday, the five major archaeological discoveries in Henan Province in 2013 were announced in Zhengzhou, the eighth excavation of the Neolithic site at Jiahu in Wuyang, the Guguangu site in Xinan County, and the No. 4 building site in Luoyang City Palace in Hanwei.

The five archaeological excavation projects of the Northern Wei Dynasty tomb of Hengshan Road in Luoyang and the Xintiandi kiln in Jiandu, Luzhou were selected.

“Henan Province's five major archaeological discoveries of the year” was organized by the Henan Provincial Bureau of Cultural Relics, organized by the Henan Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, and the “Huaxia Archeology” magazine. It has been held for six times. After careful review by the expert team, the five major archaeological discoveries in Henan Province in 2013 were selected from 10 short-listed projects.

According to Sun Xinmin, a researcher at the Henan Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, the five archaeological projects selected this time covered the period from the Neolithic Age more than 8,000 years ago to more than 600 years ago in the Ming Dynasty, with a large span of time; among them, the Neolithic Site of Jiahu Lake in Wuyang City. It is the eighth excavation, and it is also the fourth excavation of the Xintiandi kiln site of the Jianyu Yeongseo City of Yeonju. However, it has new discoveries and high archaeological value.

1

Jiahu site has new discoveries

The Jiahu site is currently the largest excavation area and the most abundant cultural relics excavated during the Liligang period. It has a high historical value and scientific value in the Neolithic period. In order to cooperate with the 30th anniversary of the excavation of the Jiahu site in Wuyang, the Henan Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology cooperated with the University of Science and Technology of China for the eighth archaeological excavation from September to December 2013 with the approval of the State Administration of Cultural Heritage.

This excavation unearthed rich relics and made a lot of achievements. In addition to the bone flute, bone prongs, and tortoise shells that appeared in the first seven excavations, there were many new important discoveries. Among them, in the northwestern part of the excavation area, the archaeological team discovered for the first time more than 1200 pieces of burial turquoise strings, suggesting that there may have been a certain degree of differentiation in the tombs' grading and zoning; in addition, exquisitely excavated excavations in the ruins. The ivory carved plate, its "Z" shape system is also extremely rare in the Neolithic sites. These findings not only further deepen the understanding of Jiahu culture, but also provide new information for the exploration of the human culture and social structure of the Huaihe River Basin in the Neolithic Age.

2 Han Hangu Guanguan appearance

Located in the east of Xin'an County, Luoyang City, Henan Province, Hangu Gugong Site has a history of more than 2,100 years. As the first of Luoyang's eight customs, the Han Han Guguan has always been an important component of the defense system around the Luoyang Basin. From June 2012 to August 2013, the investigation and excavation of the Hanguan Guguan site was formally initiated in response to the request for the application.

The excavated Han Han Gu Guan site is a small, narrow town with a long and narrow wall. The city walls, roads, and architectural sites have all been found. The layout of the city is basically clear. Among them, Guancheng Card is among the canyons, and the eastern wall of Guancheng is connected with the long-walled earth wall on the north and south mountains, achieving the purpose of military defense and control of traffic. The ancient road in the middle of Guancheng runs through Guancheng from east to west. It is the only customs road; the southern part of the site and the north bank of the Acacia River are the main living areas at that time.

The Archeology of Guguan Pass

Discovery has very important academic value. According to Shi Jiazhen, dean of the Luoyang Municipal Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, in the past archeological work, Guan Yu’s research work has been very scarce and concentrated on the border, and this time the systematic archaeological work on the important Neiguan was the first time. This discovery provided important reference materials for the study of the Qin and Han dynasty census systems, and also provided an important basis for the preservation of the Hanguguan site and the application for the Shenzhou Silk Road.

3

Han and Wei Luoyang City to find "Taiji Hall"

As the capital of Eastern Zhou Dynasty, Eastern Han Dynasty, Cao Wei, Western Jin Dynasty and Northern Wei Dynasty, the capital of Luoyang City of Hanwei and Weiyang was more than 540 years old. It is the ancient city with the longest history, largest scale, and complete preservation in all capital cities in China. Ruins. According to historical records, the “Taiji Hall” in the city is also the first large-scale palace in China’s history to “build a neutral pole,” and has affected the architectural form and design of the later capitals for thousands of years.

Starting in July 2011, in conjunction with the requirements for the protection of large national heritage sites, the Institute of Archaeology of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences conducted another comprehensive exploration and excavation of Luoyang City of Hanwei. This time, in the mid-northwest of Miyagi, about one kilometer away from Jincun, Pingle Town, Mengjin County, Henan Province, in the north-central part of the city, a gentle platform was discovered, the center of the platform was high, the circumference was slightly lower, and the height difference was about 3 meters. Named the architectural site of No. 4 Luoyang City in Hanwei.

After exploration, the No. 4 building site is located on the same building axis as the Miyagi No. 3 building, No. 2 building and the south gate of Miyagi Castle on the south side. It is the largest known building on this axis. As the central building in Miyagi, that is, the "Taiji Hall" in the literature, the annex building on the east side should be the "Taiji East Hall" recorded in the literature. Qian Guoxiang, the team leader of the Luoyang Task Force at the Institute of Archaeology of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, told reporters that the excavation of the No. 4 building site has gradually enriched the position, scope, layout, and preservation of the Taiji Temple in Luoyang City, Hanwei. The design thoughts and the established palace system are of great significance for the study of the Han and Wei Luoyang city sites and even the ancient Chinese capital city system.

4

Luoyang Hengshan Road Northern Wei tomb may be the tomb

In July 2012, the Luoyang Municipal Institute of Cultural Relics and Archeology discovered a large-scale ancient tomb at the northern end of Hengshan Road in Luoyang City. After a large number of archaeological excavations, according to the shape and scale of the tombs, the staff inferred that the tomb was a mausoleum level, and initially speculated that the owner of the tomb was the emperor Yuan Gong of Beiwei Festival.

Hengshan Road Beiwei Tomb is located in the southeast of Zhangling Village, Hongshan Township, Luoyang, Longxi District. This area is historically the North Weiling Mausoleum. Archaeologists believe that from the current archaeological data, the tombs of the Northern Wei Dynasty were generally much smaller than the tombs. The size of the tomb was comparable to that of only the tombs of the emperors.

Judging from the unearthed cultural relics, as the tombs have undergone many excavations in history, the remains unearthed in the tombs are few and have been damaged. There are pottery, celadon, bronzes, gold coins, and stone building components, and there are also samurai warriors.ä¿‘, town tomb beasts, carts and other debris. Among the gold coins unearthed by Anastasius I (By the Byzantine Empire period), the casting time was from 491 to 518 AD, which indicates that the time of this tomb will not be earlier than before the Northern Wei Dynasty moved to Luoyang.

So, who is the owner of this tomb? Shi Jiazhen, director of the Luoyang Cultural Relics and Archaeological Research Institute, told reporters that since there are no historical cultural relics found in the tombs, historical materials have no record of other Northern Wei Emperor tombs. The identification of the owner of the tomb becomes more difficult. However, according to historical data, there were six emperors who died in Luoyang after the Qianlong Luo of the Northern Wei Dynasty. Among them, the tombs of Xiaowen Emperor Changling, Xuanwu Emperor Jingling, Xiaoming Emperor Dingling and Xiaozhuang Emperor Jingling had relatively clear. There is also an unknown burial place at Changguang Wang Yuanzhang and Jishou Yuanyuan. The time spent in the Yuanxiao period was less than 4 months. He was later given a death sentence by Xiaowu Emperor in Luoyang. It is impossible to build such a tomb. Only Yuan Christine has this possibility.

5

Shenque discovered the Ming Dynasty porcelain kiln

Luzhou is a famous hometown of porcelain enamel in China, and is located in Shenjing Town, 30 kilometers southwest of Luzhou City. Relying on its rich and unique natural resources, it has become the most important porcelain making center in Luzhou. According to historical records, since the Tang Dynasty, Shenjing Town has gradually prospered, and Song Jinshi has developed into one of the centers of porcelain making in northern China. In March 2013, during the commercial development of Shenque Township, signs of an ancient kiln site were discovered. The Henan Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology carried out rescue excavations.

The excavation discovered a number of porcelain kiln sites in the Jin, Yuan, and Ming dynasties, as well as a large number of ceramic tiles and artifacts of the same period, totaling approximately tens of thousands of pieces, of which more than 800 pieces were reversible. These kiln sites are numerous in number, shape and density, and it is even more rare that a large number of Ming dynasty definitive kiln furnaces and a large number of Ming Dynasty Baidi black and white porcelain were first discovered in the archaeological site of ancient porcelain kiln sites in Henan. Sun Xinmin, a researcher at the Henan Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, said that in recent years, the ancestral archaeological sites of the Song and Jin dynasties of the gods had repeated harvests, but the Ming Dynasty porcelain kiln has not yet been discovered. The discovery of the Ming Dynasty furnace filled this gap and continued the sequence of times of the Song, Jin, Yuan, and Ming Dynasty, enriching the research content.

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