1. Overview <br> Chu Sheng brand series suction truck is made of Dongfeng brand and other types of chassis conversion. It is mainly equipped with special facilities such as tanks, transmission systems, vacuum pumps, vacuum piping systems and suction hoses. The use of vacuum technology to carry out the suction operation can cleanly and promptly transfer the manure and domestic sewage from the septic tanks in public toilets, residential buildings, etc., to the manure accumulation site or the sewage treatment site. If necessary, it can also be used to remove hazardous materials. Large (such as low corrosion and low toxicity) industrial waste, is a sanitation special vehicle for the city's environmental sanitation department, enterprises and institutions dedicated to sanitation. The suction truck is suitable for use when the adsorbed material is above 0°C. 2. Suction process 3. The main structure and function 4. Use and operation 5. Maintenance and repair Small Rims for Trailer,Tubeless Wheel,13x4.50 Wheel Rims Great Intl Holdings Limited , http://www.qdatvwheel.com
Because the suction hose is always immersed below the fecal fluid, the tank is sealed everywhere. When the vacuum pump is pumping, the air in the tank is pumped out and cannot be replenished. It becomes thinner and thinner, and the pressure in the tank is lower than the atmospheric pressure. Under the action of atmospheric pressure, the suction pipe enters the tank body to achieve suction operation.
Discharge process: the siphon mouth close to the bottom of the tank, change the vent direction of the four-way valve, so that the vacuum pump to the tank gas, the pressure rise in the tank, above atmospheric pressure, fecal fluid under the action of compressed air, through the siphon, suction hose Drain the tank and complete the discharge operation.
The main components of the suction truck are tanks, vacuum pumps, power take-off devices, four-way valves, water and gas separators, oil and gas separators, oil storage tanks, balance arms, and anti-overflow valves.
3.1 Tank The tank body is the main body of the suction truck. The top of the tank is equipped with a manhole cover, an air hole, and a suction hole. The manhole cover is normally sealed and only opened during maintenance. The air hole communicates with the steam separator through the trachea and is the passage for the air entering and leaving the tank. The suction pipe is connected with suction pipe and the lower pipe is siphon pipe. It is the passage of manure fluid into and out of the tank body. The tank body is welded with anti-wave separator, which can reduce the damage caused by liquid shock and vibration to the tank body and the frame connecting parts when the vehicle is running. The rear head is equipped with a sight glass to facilitate observation of the load and prevent the liquid level from being excessively high. The lower part of the tank body is further provided with a valve, and the lower part of the tank body is welded with a lower frame. A buffer cushion is arranged between the lower frame of the tank body and the frame, and the lower frame of the tank body and the frame are fastened with bolts.
3.2 Power take-off The power of the engine drives the operation of the home pump through the power take-off and drive shaft. The power take-off is mounted on the right side of the transmission. The upper part of the handle is located in the middle of the cab. The power take-off consists of an input gear, an intermediate gear, an output gear, a gear shaft, a fork shaft, a shift fork, and a handle. The input gear is in constant mesh with the transmission output gear. Before starting the vacuum pump, the transmission should be hung into neutral, then the engine is started, the clutch is disengaged, and the power take off switch is turned on. At this time, the fork shaft is moved forward and the power is transmitted from the transmission output gear to the power takeoff input gear through the middle. The gears are transmitted to the output gears, which are then transmitted by the gear shafts to the drive shafts via the couplings, thus driving the vacuum pump to operate.
3.3 Vacuum pump The suction truck adopts XD-70 vacuum pump. When the vacuum pump is running, the air in the tank can be pumped out through the air pipe system to reach the liquid such as excrement and sewage. The XD-70 rotary vane vacuum pump is an advanced product that has been improved. It has high vacuum, low noise and long service life. Widely used in the sanitation department's sewage equipment.
3.4 Four-way valve The vacuum pump can only rotate counter-clockwise (looking at the front of the vehicle). To draw air from the tank or to inject air into the tank, use a four-way valve to control it. The four-way valve communicates with the tank, the vacuum pump, the storage tank and the atmosphere. Operate the four-way valve handle and change the position of the channel to change the suction direction of the vacuum pump. When the four-way valve handle is perpendicular to the ground, the air in the tank is drawn through the trachea, moisture separator, and vacuum pump to perform manure absorption operation.
3.5 Water-gas Separator The water-gas separator is preceded by an oil-gas separator, which is connected to the tank body through a gas pipe. Inside it is provided with a gas pipe, and rectangular holes are opened on both sides for the air to enter the tank body. During the suction operation, the air in the tank comes out of the rectangular hole and suddenly expands in volume. The flow velocity decreases. A part of the water molecules with a greater degree of moisture adheres to the wall, condenses into water droplets and flows into the bottom, while the less severe gas continues to flow. Vacuum pump to achieve water and gas separation. After the separation of water and gas, the humidity of the air drops, which can reduce the damage to the lubricating oil and machinery.
3.6 Air Separator The air discharged from the vacuum pump has a certain pressure and a high speed, and when it breaks through the oil film layer, it carries a lot of oil droplets. In order to reduce fuel consumption and prevent pollution, an oil separator was installed. The oil-gas separator is connected to a vacuum pump before the trachea, and then it passes through the storage tank. The oil separator is provided inside the oil separator. When the compressed air enters, its volume suddenly expands, the flow rate decreases, the flow direction changes, and flows out through the porous oil retaining pipe. As the velocity of oil and gas molecules decreases, the impact on the walls and walls of the hole is intensified. A part of the heavy oil molecules adheres to the wall. After the condensation, oil droplets are formed. The cistern wall and the return oil pipe flow into the oil storage tank and undergo initial purification. The air flows over the reservoir.
3.7 An oil storage tank (or a secondary oil separator) is connected to an oil separator at one end and a four-way valve at one end. The oil storage tank has the function of oil and gas separation and oil storage. The oil retaining net is provided inside, and the entrance and exit are inaccessible to each other. The compressed air flowing from the oil separator must pass through multiple obstacles before it can be discharged to the four-way valve. Due to sudden and sudden increase in the volume of the oil storage tank, the air flow rate is significantly reduced, combined with obstacles such as oil screens, compressed air oil. The molecules exacerbate the collision, adhering to the inner wall and the net surface, and then flow into the bottom, and the compressed air that has been purified again flows to the four-way valve. There is a direct-flow cock at the bottom of the tank to control the amount of lubricating oil supplied to the vacuum pump. A level tube is also provided to observe the oil storage and oil quality. The oil level in the storage tank should be in the middle or slightly lower than the middle of the level tube. Excessive oil supply will affect the oil and gas separation effect and increase fuel consumption. If the oil level is too low, the cooling will be affected and the vacuum pump will heat up too quickly. The size of the oil supply is controlled by a straight plug. The handle is fully open when it is at right angles to the axis of the inlet pipe, and is fully closed when parallel. When checking that the oil mist is evident at the outlet of the four-way valve, the fuel supply should be reduced.
3.8 Balance arm The balance arm assembly is located at the top of the tank body. It consists of a balance seat, connecting pipe, counterweight block, support frame and other parts. It is connected with a suction suction hose and then a siphon pipe. The balance seat can be operated because of the weight Blocks play a balancing role, greatly reducing the labor intensity when picking, placing, and pulling suction hoses. There are clear holes in the support frame, which are usually sealed. When the suction hose or siphon pipe is blocked, the clear hole cover can be opened to clear the blockage.
3.9 Liquid Level Alarm Device The liquid level alarm device is installed on the top of the tank and consists of a sensor probe, a sounder and its switches, and an instrument panel. The sensor probe is located in the front of the tank, 100mm from the top, insulated from the tank. The sounder and its switch are fixed on the dashboard and installed in the cab. When working, the power is turned on. When the liquid in the tank is continuously increasing, the liquid level alarm circuit is automatically turned on when the liquid level is immersed in the sensor probe, and the siren immediately emits light and sound, and the driver is notified of the information that “the amount of suction is in placeâ€.
4.1 Inspection before Operation 4.1.1 Check for no leakage or oil leakage.
4.1.2 Check the amount of oil in the storage tank. The amount of oil storage is in the middle or slightly below the level tube.
4.2 Preparation before Operation 4.2.1 Make the back of the truck as close as possible to the operating point and parking.
4.2.2 Turn the return tank's straight cock to the angle of about 45° with the axis of the inlet pipe. Observe the oil inlet pipe and the oil flow should occur.
4.2.3 Open the side door of the walkway box and take out the suction hose so that it swings back without bending.
4.3 Pumping operation 4.3.1 Insert the suction pipe as deep as possible into the manure to ensure that the pipe end is always 300mm below the liquid level during the operation.
4.3.2 Push the four-way valve handle perpendicular to the ground.
4.3.3 Navigate the transmission to neutral, then start the engine, disengage the clutch, pull the power take-off switch back and pull the force, and slowly engage the clutch to operate the vacuum pump.
4.3.4 Properly increase the throttle, observe the vacuum gauge, and keep the vacuum gauge reading at 53--80kpa.
4.3.5 Open the cabin tool box, pull out the alarm switch and turn it on.
4.3.6 The operator should pay attention to monitoring the situation near the inlet of the suction hose, and use a suitable tool to prevent it from getting clogged.
4.3.7 The operator can pass through the upper mirror of the rear head. When the liquid level reaches the middle of the observation mirror, the driver should be informed, and the suction hose should be quickly pulled away from the liquid surface or stopped. Under normal circumstances, the sounder will emit audible and visual signals at this time. When the driver receives the signal, it should reduce the throttle, push the power take-off switch forward and remove the gear, and the vacuum pump stops running. Press the alarm switch to cut off the power.
4.3.8 Turn the return tank straight through the cock turn plate to close parallel to the axis of the oil tank.
4.3.9 After rinsing the hose, place it back in the walkway box and secure it firmly.
4.3.10 Dung trucks leave the operation site.
4.4 Draining operations 4.4.1 Point the suction hose towards the dung tank.
4.4.2 Pull the four-way valve handle to parallel with the ground.
4.4.3 Repeat steps 5.3.3.
4.4.4 After the discharge of the fecal fluid in the tank, the driver shall push the power take-off handle forward to remove the gear, and the vacuum pump will stop running.
4.4.5 Repeat steps 5.3.8 and 5.3.9.
4.4.6 Dung trucks leave the operation site.
5.1 Routine Routine Maintenance 5.1.1 Check the oil in the return tank. The oil level should be at the middle of the level tube or slightly lower. If the oil turns white or there are obvious impurities, change the oil in time.
5.1.2 Check for oil leaks.
5.1.3 check the vacuum pump, power take-off work is normal.
5.2 Weekly Routine Maintenance 5.2.1 Clean the exterior of the vehicle.
5.2.2 Check and tighten the vacuum piping system and other parts of the bolt connection.
5.3 10000km maintenance 5.3.1 Clean the back tank and the filter screen, remove the oil. Use 30# mechanical oil in summer and 20# mechanical oil in winter.
5.3.2 Check and tighten the vacuum piping system and other parts of the bolt connection.
5.4 24000km maintenance 5.4.1 Clean the back tank and the filter screen, remove the oil. Use 30# mechanical oil in summer and 20# mechanical oil in winter.
5.4.2 Check and tighten the vacuum piping system and other parts of the bolt connection.
5.4.3 Servicing the vacuum pump 5.4.4 Replacing the power take-off lubricating oil 5.5 48000 km Maintenance 5.5.1 Carry out 6.4 maintenance.
5.5.2 Check the working condition of the power take-off bearing and replace it if necessary.
5.5.3 check the vacuum pump, adjust 5.5.4 maintenance cans, rust removal, paint.