Picking equipment and process technology (5)

The sorting process of the M17 type radioactive sorter is that the ore is coarsely crushed and sieved, and then fed to the silo 1, and fed to the upper belt 5 via the two-stage electrovibrator feeders 2, 3 and the slide 4. Depending on the size of the ore, the ore has been divided into two, three, four or five ore streams before being given to the upper belt 5. The belt 5 is also divided into corresponding channels, each of which is a stream of ore. The speed of the belt 5 is 1.7 m/sec. After the ore leaves the belt, it is fed to the main belt 7 via the multi-slot stabilizer 6. The main belt runs at a speed of 5.1 m/s. Since the speed of the belt 7 is twice as high as that of the belt 5, a plurality of single-column ore streams that are connected end to end are arranged on the belt 5, and a certain distance is pulled on the belt 7. Each nugget passes through the scintillation crystal detector 8 individually. Depending on the size and characteristics of the nuggets, the number of scintillation detectors per channel can range from 4 to 12 (for mines with particularly low uranium grades, the number of detectors can be as many as 1.6). Each ore is measured by all detectors in the channel, and each scintillation detector collects the measured activity of the ore and stores it in an electronic information processor.
After the ore leaves the main belt, the running track is in the form of a flat parabola because the initial velocity of the horizontal is very high. During the process of flying, the nuggets first pass through the photoelectric ore particle size detector. It consists of a light source 9 and a solid state camera 10. In addition to determining the size of the nugget according to the cross-sectional area of ​​the nugget, the photoelectric particle size detector can also determine the position of the nugget on the belt and the distance between the nuggets, and send these signals to the information processor.
The information processor compares the stored radioactive activity signal with the obtained particle size signal to obtain the uranium grade of the ore block. This grade is compared to the predetermined grade value to determine whether the ore is a concentrate or waste rock. When the nugget falls to the front of the nozzle, the information processor gives the actuator, the electromagnetic jet valve 11, an instruction to start. The solenoid valves of the M17 sorter are mounted in a row along the width of the belt. The number of valves used in different channels varies, such as a 5 channel sorter, 8 valves per channel, and a 2 channel sorter with 22 valves per channel. The information processor determines which valves to open based on the location of the nuggets, and also determines the duration of the opening according to the size of the nuggets. After the solenoid valve is started, the compressed air with a pressure of (6.5~7)×10 ⁵ Pa is sprayed from the nozzle to make the ore block deviate from its normal movement track, so that it is separated from the naturally falling ore, and the concentrate and waste rock are obtained. Products.
The M17 sorter also has the following functions: it can display the ore uniformity of each channel (represented by the ore filling rate on each channel of the main belt); automatically record the ore grade, fine, tailing grade and blown product (fine The yield of mine or tailings, there are alarm devices, such as electronic system failure, high background count, low main belt speed, air pressure failure and other alarms.
Sixth, X-ray sorting machine
(A) domestic X-ray diamond sorter diamond-made X-ray sorter to 1972 for the successful development and production. The GXJ-I and GXJ-I diamond X-ray sorting machines developed after 1979 are shown in Figure 19. [next]

The diamond X-ray sorting machine is mainly composed of parts such as ore feeding, detection, information processing and separation. The sorting process is as follows: the ore in the mine bucket 1 is fed to the belt conveyor 4 via the chute 3 through the electric vibrating feeder 2, and the light blue fluorescence emitted by the diamond is received by the optical probe 6 after being irradiated through the X-ray tube 5. After the generated pulse current is amplified by the electronic circuit, the actuator 8 is activated to cause the diamond to enter the concentrate funnel 10, and the waste rock enters the tailing funnel 9. [next]
(II) XR series diamond X-ray sorting machine In the late 1960s, Soxex developed the X-ray sorting machine for sorting diamonds, including XR-21, XR-22 and XR-23. Later, it developed a new XR series diamond X-ray sorting machine, which has XR-121BA, XR-121CA, XR-141SM, XR-181BA and other models. Its structure is shown in Figure 20.

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XR series of diamond X-ray sorting machine sorting process are: the diamond-containing dressing of the stone by sieve classification, from the electromagnetic vibrating feeder hopper falls, when the ore dust by airflow, the dust ore surface is After blowing off, the ore falls on the feeding belt. When it enters the detection zone and is exposed to X-rays, the fluorescence emitted by the diamond is received by the photomultiplier tube, amplified, and sent to the corresponding electronic circuit. The electronic circuit turns on the electromagnetic jet valve to sort the diamond.
The common features of the XR series diamond X-ray sorting machine are: the application of solid-state electronic circuits, which can simplify the detection of faults and facilitate the replacement of components; the function and condition of all key parts are displayed by analog images; all working systems can be continuously monitored. Automatic fault detection and indication by electronic computer; automatic control of feeding speed to achieve the most ideal processing volume; safe and interlocking system.
Seven, radio wave (conductance - magnetic) sorting machine
(I) GFJ-3 sorting machine GFJ-3 sorting machine is successfully developed in China and has been applied in production. The sorter successfully used the electromagnetic waves of 40 to 100 thousand cycles per second for the separation of kimberlite and waste rock. The magnetic properties of the diamond-bearing parent rock, the kimberlite, are several times greater than those of the surrounding rock (snake petrified fractured rock, gneiss, etc.). In the detection zone, the kimberlite and surrounding rock make a large difference in the signals generated by the electromagnetic field and can be used for sorting. The structure of the sorting machine is shown in Figure 21.

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After the raw ore is coarsely crushed and sieved, it is fed from the mine bin 1 by the electric vibrating feeder 2 via the hopper to the counter-roller feeder 3, which consists of two rolls of 295 mm in diameter and 1750 mm in length. . The two rollers are mounted on the frame at a certain inclination angle in parallel with each other and rotate outward at the same speed. The feeder is like a sloping V-shaped groove, and the running speed of the ore in the V-shaped groove is affected by the speed of the roller. After leaving the twin-roller ore feeder, the ore enters the self-inductance hollow detector 4. In the alternating electromagnetic field of the detection zone, different magnetic ores cause the detector to output different signals, and the information processor compares with the predetermined signal. After that, if it is determined to be a concentrate, the electromagnetic jet valve 5 is blown away from the normal running track, thereby dividing the selected ore into two products of fine and tailings.
(B) the natural copper ore sorter natural copper ore sorting machine is the successful development of the US Bureau of Mines. The sorting machine uses the ore of high metal content (such as natural copper and ore containing copper, iron, etc.) and the difference in conductivity or magnetic properties of the surrounding rock, and the signals generated in the electromagnetic field are also different. of. The structure of the sorting machine is shown in Figure 22.

After the raw ore is coarsely crushed and sieved, it is fed into the mine bin 1, and the ore is supplied to the belt 3 via the electric vibration to the mining machine 2. The outlet of the mining machine is tapered to facilitate the arrangement of the ore blocks in a single row. The ore travels on a belt with a speed of 27.5 m/min and passes through the detector 4. The detector consists of two planar coils, (4') placed under the belt for transmitting radio waves with a frequency of 125 thousand cycles, and (4") standing perpendicular to the side of the belt for detection. According to the characteristics of the nugget in the detection zone, the detector gives a signal reflecting the metal content of the nugget. If the metal content of the nugget exceeds the pre-adjusted level, the information processing system gives an instruction to rotate the mechanical baffle 5 by an angle. The ore is discharged to the concentrate bin, otherwise it is discharged to the tailings bin. Since the machine uses the mechanical baffle as the actuator, the number of movements is only 4 times/second, so the throughput is very low. If the electromagnetic valve is used instead, and the feed rate is increased accordingly, the treatment volume will be greatly improved. [next]
(III) M19 type and M27 type conductance-magnetic sorting machine A M19 type conductance-magnetic sorting machine M19 type conductance-magnetic sorting machine was developed by RTZ ore sorting machine company in the late 70s, and it has been industrialized. application. It is the same as the sorting principle of the above two sorting machines, and the ore is discriminated in the electromagnetic field in which the induction coil generates radio waves, which are sorted by using the difference in magnetic properties and conductivity between the nuggets. However, the GFJ-3 sorting machine mainly utilizes the magnetic difference between the nuggets. The natural copper ore sorting machine mainly utilizes the difference in the electrical conductivity between the nuggets, while the M19 type can simultaneously utilize these two characteristics, so the scope of application is wide. Many metal sulfides and oxide ores and natural metals are suitable. The M19 sorting machine has several channels, each of which has several detectors, which can be measured by relay force and has high detection efficiency. It has a device for measuring particle size, so it can measure the grade of the nugget, so its sensitivity is high. The processing volume is large. A schematic diagram of the sorter is shown in Figure 23.

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