Research on the Way of CNC Lathe

Setting the workpiece coordinate system with G54~G59 command This method is equivalent to moving the machine origin to the workpiece origin. Therefore, when setting the workpiece coordinate system with G54~G59, it is necessary to return to the machine zero point after starting up to establish the machine coordinate system. This method is suitable for mass production and the machining of workpieces with a fixed clamping position on the chuck.

The steps of the tool setting are as follows: (1) first clear the external coordinate offset, the values ​​in G54~G59 and the tool offset number; (2) select any knife without the tool compensation (generally the first in the processing) Use the knife as the reference knife); (3) Trial the workpiece with the outer circle of the same, select the “OFFSET” button in the operation panel, find G54 in the “Coordinate System”, type Xd, and press the measurement. The system automatically calculates the workpiece origin in the X direction (the mechanical coordinate value of the current tool point minus the diameter d of the workpiece) and sets it; (4) Trial the right end of the workpiece is the same as 1 and select the “OFFSET” button in the operation panel. Find G54 in the “Coordinate System”, type Z0, and then press the measurement. At this time, the system automatically calculates the workpiece origin of the Z direction (the mechanical coordinate value of the current tool position) and sets it; (5) The same knife setting step is the same as 1 In the middle of 5 to 8; (6) At this point, the end of the knife with G54 ~ G59, you can call up the program for processing. With this method, the tool does not have to be placed in a specific position before machining.

Setting the workpiece coordinate system with the tool shape compensation function This method uses the machine zero point as the reference point to find the machine coordinate value of the workpiece origin in the machine coordinate system by tool setting. This value is directly input to the tool of the machine tool as the tool compensation amount. In shape compensation, the coordinate system is offset by calling this value to establish the workpiece coordinate system. Therefore, the method is based on the mechanical zero point, so the machine zero point must be returned to the machine coordinate system after starting up. There is no reference knife in the tool setting method, and it is convenient and feasible. On the CNC lathe, we often use this tool setting method. However, it should be noted that when using this method, the block that calls the tool must be called before the block of the move instruction appears at the beginning of the program.

The tool setting steps are as follows: (1) first clear the external coordinate offset, G54~G59 and the value in the tool offset number; (2) select any one of the knives without the tool offset; (3) test the workpiece outside the workpiece Circle the same as 1, select the "OFFSET" button in the operation panel, find the corresponding tool number in the "shape", type Xd, and then press the measurement, then the system automatically calculates the workpiece origin in the X direction (the mechanical coordinates of the current tool point) The value is subtracted from the diameter d) of the workpiece and set; (4) Trigger the right end of the workpiece is the same as 1, select the "OFFSET" button in the operation panel, find the corresponding tool number in the "shape", type Z0, and then press the measurement At this time, the system automatically calculates the workpiece origin of the Z direction (the mechanical coordinate value of the current tool position) and sets it; (5) the tool setting steps of the remaining knives are the same as (3), (4); (6) Method After the end of the knife, the program can be called up for processing.

Conclusion The authors have verified the three tool-setting methods introduced in this paper and achieved the same effect. Readers can choose the right tooling method according to the characteristics of their CNC cars and machined parts. For any CNC car system, the principle of tool setting and tool adjustment is the same, so it has certain promotion value for other CNC systems.

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