Free plastic bag ban caused industry impact

“There were at least more than 1,000 stores doing plastic bags before here, and it is the largest wholesale plastic bags market in the south.”
What Chen Qiaoling is guarding is a street-front shop of 10 square meters in size. It is located on Yide Road in Guangzhou. Huge signboard "Huason Plastic Products Co., Ltd." hangs on the door, which is in stark contrast to the forced interior space.
“Don’t look at my paving. My plastic bags were sold to Shanxi 20 years ago.” Chen Qiaoling had a place of her own pride, but today she stopped talking too much about her plastic bags business. The less you have, the less you will sell it."
At the moment, a German road, although still able to occasionally see the plastic bags in the stalls covered with gorgeous all kinds of plastic bags. However, most of the former merchants no longer simply run the plastic bag business. “If you change jobs, you still do it around plastics.”
Chen Jianzhen, secretary-general of the Guangzhou Packaging Technology Association, analyzed: “The transformation and upgrading of the plastic bag production industry was the result of market incentives.”
Outside the spontaneous market transformation, it is the strong push from the policy side.
At the end of 2007, the General Office of the State Council issued the "Notice on Restricting Production and Sales of Plastic Shopping Bags" (hereinafter referred to as the "Notice"). "Since June 1, 2008, production, sales, and use of thickness were banned throughout the country. Less than 0.025 mm plastic bag."
And, "Since June 1, 2008, the use of plastic shopping bags for paid use has been implemented in all supermarkets, shopping malls, and bazaars, etc. All plastic shopping bags must not be provided free of charge."
After the strict ban, the same strict "pass criteria" follow.
On February 10, 2008, the National Standards Commission and China National Light Industry Association completed the "General Requirements for Environmental, Safety, and Marking of Plastic Shopping Bags," "Plastic Shopping Bags," and "Rapid Detection and Evaluation of Plastic Shopping Bags." The draft of the national standards consultation draft began to solicit opinions from the society.
In the draft, the definition and terminology of plastic shopping bags, requirements, test methods, inspection rules, and packaging, transportation, and storage are all clearly and strictly stipulated.
The adjustments made by the policy to the plastic bag manufacturing industry and the resulting impacts are just like the waves of water falling on the lake and expanding and spreading.
The policy banned sales of thin plastic bags, blocking the way for small businesses.
Chen Qiaoling’s own factory is located in the South China Sea. There are many small companies that produce plastic bags there. Most of them are family workshops. "Especially those who produce thin plastic bags are not at all factories. At most, they are just a few machines. Hiring three or four people will start production."
The necessary equipment for these family workshops is the same: blow molding machines and bag making machines, and the price of such machines in the secondary market is around 70,000 yuan.
In addition, the raw materials used to produce such thin plastic bags can be dealt with in waste plastics purchased on the scrap market. This is mainly low-grade granular polyethylene, which can be obtained through uncomplicated processing.
In terms of sales, such plastic bags are mostly marketed by operators themselves and targeted at fixed markets, mobile vendors, and small-scale retail stores in the bazaars. "These are the first-class markets."
"This set of water business is very simple. If you don't want to be big, you don't plan to make big money at the beginning. It's easy to get started." Chen has been immersed in this business for many years. "Many of these factories have no license at all."
This kind of home workshop produces ultra-thin plastic bags at a cost of about 5,000 yuan per ton of polyethylene. After melting, film blowing, and cutting processes, these materials can make up a million bags of thin bags that are common in the market and spread out to each. On the bag, the profit after wholesale is about 0.3 cents each.
“They are generally small in scale. They have a small market share in the entire plastic bag manufacturing industry. However, the number of plastic bag companies in this mode of production is difficult to count.” Chen Jianzhen analyzed, “It depends on the strength of policy implementation. It is difficult for companies to survive."
In Chen Qiaoling’s view, the future is much more optimistic: “Without the registration of the industrial and commercial departments, it can still be produced. The country's big policy is also difficult to control those small factories and small traders.”
The paid use of plastic shopping bags may have a greater impact on consumer spending habits.
In June of this year, plastic shopping bags will cease to be provided free of charge, directly affecting the ultimate consumer of plastic bags. Chen Jianzhen explained, “Everyone realizes that spending to buy products that were previously free to obtain will certainly curb demand for use. This should first be seen as It is the demand for macro environmental protection."
According to a person in charge of packaging procurement at a large supermarket on Jiangnan Avenue in Guangzhou, the cost of the plastic shopping bag was calculated in the price of product sales and was not identified in the past. After June, the price tag plastic bags had no effect on supermarkets. “This may indirectly affect our demand for suppliers’ plastic bags.”
The responsible person did not disclose the supermarket plastic bag supplier on the grounds of trade secrets, but she still hinted that “large supermarkets have enough capacity to produce the plastic bags they need, which was originally in our entire supermarket supply system. in."
One of Chen Qiaoling’s friends is to produce plastic bags to supply small and medium-sized community supermarkets. "Supply plastic bags in supermarkets, everyone on the competition point of view, there is no difference in quality and price. Is the long-term supply of accumulated business relationships, mostly 'one to one'."
The enterprises that supply plastic bags for supermarkets are characterized by relatively stable supply, and such enterprises are relatively more formal.
But often the main source of profit for such companies is not plastic bags. “Plastic bags only account for a relatively small percentage of plastic products.” Fu You, chairman of the Guangdong Plastics Industry Association, told this reporter that “our industry association is still in the wait-and-see phase for the implementation of this restrictive regulation.”
Fu An told this newspaper that so far, the Guangdong Plastics Industry Association has not specifically responded to this plan, but he still said that the company will pay close attention to the changes in national policies and actively respond to the upcoming adjustment of the industry.
The rise of the threshold of plastic bags, the introduction of the national standard, raised the threshold of the entire industry.
On February 10th, the draft of the national standards for plastic bags released by the relevant state departments will be submitted to the public for comments before March 4. This draft not only inherited the previous national ban, but also stipulated that "the thickness must be equal to or greater than 0.025 mm." In many respects, it also provides clear regulations for the production, transportation, storage, and sales of plastic bags that have not been standardized for a long time.
According to the Exposure Draft, plastic shopping bags that are in direct contact with foods should be of a natural color, and other plastic shopping bags are generally of a natural or white color, or they can be of other colors; plastic shopping bags must not be obstructed by the use of air bubbles, perforations, and poor plasticization.ç‘•ç–µ, bag film should be uniform, smooth, no fold; printed plastic shopping bags should be uniform ink, pattern, text clear, complete, overprinting accuracy, overlay error should be less than 1mm, print stripping rate of less than 20%.
The draft of the Opinions also lays down requirements on the physical and mechanical properties such as lifting capacity, sealing strength, and water leakage of plastic shopping bags, as well as the packaging, transportation, and storage of plastic shopping bags.
"In the "draft", a simple one, plastic shopping bags must also clearly identify the name of the manufacturer, many small-scale production plants can not do." Chen Qiaoling said his own experience, "to achieve this, the cost of production To upgrade on a large scale."
Chen Jianzhen told reporters that “they have reached the point of upgrading the industry. In the past, low profits prompted companies to change their choices spontaneously. Now it is the policy that forces most of them to do so.”
Industrial Transfer and Environmental Opinions Chen Qiaoling began not to purchase simple plastic bags 10 years ago. In the store of “Huasheng Plastic Products Co., Ltd.”, there are more plastic bags or more upscale gifts. Bags, garment bags, handbags, etc.
"The profits of these 10 packages are about the same as the profits of 20 pounds of plastic bags." It was market forces that prompted Chen Qiaoling to make adjustments in production.
Plastic bags of this type require more advanced production processes. From the point of view of production costs, high-quality polyethylene is required for production. The price of raw materials is about 60% more expensive than that of the crude granular polyethylene, and the total amount of bags produced will be reduced by about 1/3 due to the fact that the raw materials diluted in each plastic bag will be more.
Statistics from the Guangzhou Packaging Technology Association found that since the late 1990s, companies in the PRD's plastic bags have been affected by factors such as rising costs, competition bans and falling profits, and they have actively sought product upgrades and production transformation. A large part of low-end manufacturing moves to other places.
This coincides with Chen Qiaoling's experience. When she first did this line, her equipment and technology were on the side of Hong Kong. It was easy to produce and the raw materials were not hard to find.
Plastic bags landing in China is from the shore of Guangdong, Shenzhen, Dongguan, Foshan, Guangzhou and other Pearl River Delta cities are stationed in a considerable number of large and medium-sized plastic products factory.
At present, Guangdong province has more than 100 large-scale plastic product factories with more than 1,000 workers. The number of small factories specializing in manufacturing ultra-thin plastic bags is even more difficult to calculate. Looking at the total number, half of all plastic product factories in the country are in the Guangdong region.
According to the national data obtained from the statistics of the China Credit Risk Database, among the 90,000 domestic manufacturers of plastic products, only one-tenth of the above-scale enterprises account for almost no large-scale enterprise.
"The plastics manufacturing industry can grow rapidly in Guangdong because the industry's threshold is not high. It is not something with high-tech content. It started early, while other parts of the Mainland started late, and the market demand is large." Chen Jianzhen analysis, plastic manufacturing in the Pearl River Delta The industry has the characteristics of low value-added production and manufacturing in the entire region.
She also revealed to reporters that in the Guangdong Province's 2007 industrial survey, the contents of the design industry structure adjustment mentioned many times the issue of transformation and upgrading of the plastics manufacturing industry.
“We can think that from the end of last year to June of this year is a buffer period for industry adjustment, but in reality, changes in the market environment have long started to urge the industry to switch production operations.”
The production of low-end plastic bags began to flow to the interior. At present, in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Hebei, Henan, Shandong, Anhui, Hunan, Hubei and other provinces and cities, dozens of large-scale waste plastics distribution markets are distributed. There are a large number of small and medium-sized plastic bag manufacturing enterprises around these distribution markets. .
The effectiveness of the policy should not be underestimated. However, the industry has more explicit expectations for policies.
Chen Jianzhen revealed to reporters that last year the National Development and Reform Commission held a symposium on “Packaging Recycling” in Guangdong. At the meeting, more industry views were that the state should encourage the recycling of packaging to be the fundamental way for environmental protection.
"You not only want people to save money, but you also give him preferential treatment. Just like you do newspapers, the whole market will be very economical, and new industry growth points will come out," said Chen Jianzhen.
“Simply stipulating that 2 gram or less of plastic bags cannot be produced and used is not appropriate.” Standing on the standpoint of the plastics industry, Fudan, chairman of the Guangdong Plastics Industry Association, put it more directly. “If 2 g plastic bags are banned from use, Does that mean that 2.5 grams is more environmentally friendly? We do not rule out that consumers have to use 3 g and 4 g bags, which means that they are more environmentally friendly or more polluting?"

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